As Taught by  Tim.Richardson@senecac.on.ca Detailed INB 524 Course Outline © covers classes between Jan - Apr 2001   INB Quick Navigation Menu

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1

Jan

Intro to  Canada's Int'l  Trade  picture

Canada's major international trading partners USA Japan and China Europe (U.K. and Germany) Mexico Canada's major international export products/commodities forest products (wood, pulp, paper) grains and oilseeds (wheat, canola) marine products (frozen fish, roe, crustaceans) agricultural products (cheese, beef, maple syrup, etc.) Canada's major international import products/commodities consumer products (VCR's, computers, cell phones) processed food products automobiles, automotive parts clothing

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"Where you can go to get info about doing business in a country" DFAIT main menu  http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/menu-e.asp DFAIT's list of Country Market Reports  http://www.infoexport.gc.ca/eservices-e.asp DFAIT list of Canadian Embassies  http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/dfait/missions/menu-e.asp DFAIT's list of embassies and consulates in Asia http://www.infoexport.gc.ca/main-e.asp?act=7&rid=2 Europe http://www.infoexport.gc.ca/main-e.asp?act=7&rid=3 Latin America & Caribbean http://www.infoexport.gc.ca/main-e.asp?act=7&rid=5 Middle East/Africa http://www.infoexport.gc.ca/main-e.asp?act=7&rid=8

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.	.	Grading  Details	www.witiger.com/senecacollege/INB524/grading524.htm Begin discussions about Country Profile Presentation Country Profile  - report 10% - presentation 10% details on marking of the Country Profile project  www.witiger.com/senecacollege/INB524/countryprofiledetails.htm
Country Profile Presentations Schedule List			old - ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/countryprofilesched.htm new  www.witiger.com/senecacollege/INB524/countryprofilesched2001.htm

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Class 2 Jan 11th	Chpt 1  continued ,,,	Chpt 1  Discuss Chpt One in class with Powerpoint presentation on the main points view on-line slides for Chpt One  http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt1/sld001.htm Intl Business terminology  World Culture - a concept  Globalization  Interest=Understanding, Understanding=Tolerance, Tolerance=Harmony   http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt1/sld016.htm  Aspects of Culture Hofstede's Value Survey Model  http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt1/sld028.htm  Individualism Uncertainty Avoidance Power Distance Masculinity
Class 2 Jan 11th	Chpt 1  continued ,,,	Discussion of what things to consider in your country profile presentations Chpt 1, continued  http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt1/sld032.htm Culture underpinnings Stereotypes Four Dimensions of Acculturation   ACCULTURATION, process by which continuous contact between two or more distinct societies causes  cultural change. This can happen in one of two ways. The beliefs and customs of the groups may merge  almost equally and result in a single culture. More often, however, one society completely absorbs the cultural  patterns of another through a process of selection and modification. This change often occurs because of  political or military domination. It may cause considerable psychological disturbance and social unrest.  read more at  http://www.fwkc.com/encyclopedia/low/articles/a/a001000173f.html Examples of use in a large international business oriented company Samsung Global Acculturation Program  http://www.samsung.net/gasp/   http://www.samsung.net/gasp/abouta.html Review selections for Country Profile Presentations Discussed in class the various sources of information for the Country Profile Presentation - embassies, Canadian embassies overseas - embassies of other countries in Canada - cultural groups, restaurants, associations, ethnic newspapers Discussed difference between Embassies and Consulates Canadian terminology, Missions and Posts - British Commonwealth terms - High Commissions

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Class 3 Jan 15th
	Using Hofstede's 4 categories in your Country Profile Presentation Individualism Uncertainty Avoidance Power Distance Masculinity Ethnocentrism  http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt1/sld042.htm represented by how people draw a map of the world Communication barriers   Physical Cultural Perceptual Motivational Experiential Emotional  Linguistic Nonverbal Competition Multinational Management Orientations Ethnocentric Management Polycentric Management Regiocentric Management Geocentric Management
Class 3 Jan 15th                             Class 3 Jan 15th	Chapter Three - Contrasting Cultural Values to download Chpt 3 Powerpoint from our INB page, go to http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt3/INB~CHAP3.ppt Semantic Differences - differences in the meanings of words used in cultures that speak the same language Attribution Attitudes towards women Work attitudes International Comparison of Working Hours  http://jin.jcic.or.jp/stat/stats/09LAB42.html (1997) Attitudes towards ethics "Ethical standards are guidelines established to convey what is perceived to be correct or incorrect behaviour by most people in society" text page 51   . In Canadian and U.S. cultural accepting bribes is considered unethicial in business and in some situations it is illegal, domestically, and for North American companies operating internationally. Some Canadian and U.S. company presidents say they are unfairly restricted by government guidelines that forbid paying bribes since the culture in some countries considers this acceptable. WTGR . Religious influences on culture and business culture (page 53 in text) In some cultures, religion and personal lifestyle (and corporate culture) are separate. In some countries in north Africa, Middle East, and Southern Asia, religion IS the lifestyle and effects strongly the personal lifestyle and corporate culture
Class 3 Jan 15th	Chapter  Three to download Chpt 3 Powerpoint from our INB page, go to http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt3/INB~CHAP3.ppt Discussed process of finding contact with someone to interview for your Interview Assignment

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Class 3 Jan 15th                         Class 3 Jan 15th                 Class 3 Jan 15th	Chapter Four Culture Shock	to download Chpt 4 Powerpoint from our INB page, go to http://ilearn.senecac.on.ca/homepage/Tim.Richardson/INB524/Chpt4/INB~CHAP4.ppt..    Chapter 5 Test your international language and culture IQ Master list of all on-line quizzes is at  (it might take some time to go through all of them but they are very interesting and fun) http://www.getcustoms.com/quiz/quiz.html each set of quizzes also has an on-line answer list for our INB class, go to  http://www.getcustoms.com/quiz/lang.html and try the online quiz answers  http://www.getcustoms.com/quiz/lang2.html High Context Language Low Context Language "A high contex language transmits very little in the explicit message" p. 82 text - meaning, in a high context culture, what people say is not often exactly what they mean - that is to say the meaning of a word or phrase has to be understood "in the context" of when and where it is said - in high context cultures it is not necessary to say many words to explain things because the culture is fairly homogenous and many people have the same lifestyle, religion, family circumstances and are able to understand the hidden meaning without many words having to be spoken In low context language - what people say -usually means exactly what  they mean to say - in low context cultures, a verbal elaboration is necessary due to fewer shared assumptions - generally we can say low context cultures are those that have people who come from many different backgrounds - therefore fewer people "are on the same wavelength" - therefore more words are needed to be used to explain things a chart showing high context and low context differences  http://www.siu.edu/~ekachai/dimensions.html    High-context culture  Low-context culture Much covert and implicit message  Much overt and explicit message   Internalized messages Plainly coded messages   Much nonverbal coding Verbalized details   Reserved reactions   Reactions on the surface  Distinct ingroups and outgroups   Flexible ingroups and outgroups  Strong people bonds  Fragile people bonds  High commitment  Low commitment  Open and flexible time Highly organized time Japanese is very high context English spoken by Canadians and American is very low context also check page of Prof. Daradirek Ekachai at  Southern Illinois University  http://www.siu.edu/~ekachai/language.html
Class 4 Jan 18th	Chapter Five Language Chapter Six Oral & Nonverbal Communication new classroom 4135	Slang eg. "bottom line", "cold turkey", "piece of cake" some common phrases and slang  http://www.getcustoms.com/quiz/phrases.html Matt Lerner complied a long list of slang expressions, check out  http://www.netspace.org/~mrl/projects/writing/slang.html Colloquialisms - informal words or phrases associated with certain regions of a country - in NFLD "wunerful", example : "she's wunerful hot today eh" Acronyms - words formed from the initial letters of groups of words eg: NATO, EU, IMF, OPEC Euphemisms - inoffensive expressions used to communicate things in a softer way eg: he passed away = he died Jargon - terms used in particular business groups eg: "rainmaker" - in North American english slang means a business development person who brings in big contacts to the firm, Japanese equivalent = "shayo zoku"   Translation and Interpretation examples of bad translation   www.witiger.com/senecacollege/INB524/badtranslation.htm

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Class 4 Jan 18th                         Class 4 Jan 18th

Chapter Six Oral & Nonverbal Communication   new classroom 4135

Non verbal communication - an important part of high context culture  http://www.siu.edu/~ekachai/nonverbal.html Types of nonverbal communication from Prof. Ekachi's web page 1. General Appearance and Dress: We make judgments about people based on how attractive we think they are. But standards and judgments regarding attractiveness are subject to cultural variations. Clothing and skin color can also influence how we perceive and communicate with others. 2. Body Movements: All cultures have some system for understanding the meaning of movement. The meanings conveyed via body movements may be different in different cultures.  gestures and body movements on-line quiz  http://www.getcustoms.com/quiz/lips.html 3. Facial Expressions: People are more likely to interpret facial expressions accurately if they interpret them within the entire communication context.  4. Eye contact and gaze: Our interpersonal relationships are affected by how we use our eyes. Culture modifies how much eye contact we may engage in and with whom. 5. Touch: The meaning inferred from touch is influenced by such factors as the mood or state we are in, relationship with the toucher, past history, duration of the touch, location of the touch, whether the touch is active or passive. The duration, frequency and location of touch are largely culturally based. hand gestures mean many different things, check  http://www.getcustoms.com/quiz/hands.html 6. Smell: Cultures perceives odors differently and assign them different meaning and importance during interaction. 7. Paralanguage: How something is heard and vocalized vary and hold different meanings in different cultures.  There are three categories of vocalizations:  vocal characterizers (laughing, crying, yelling, whining, yawning);  vocal qualifiers (volume, pitch, rhythm, tone, rate); and  vocal segregates (uh-huh, shh, oooh, mmmh). 8. Space and Distance (proxemics):  9. Time:  10. Silence: .

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Class 5 Jan 22                                       Class 5 Jan 22                                           Class 5 Jan 22

kinesics     Nonverbal Communication   kinesics

Non verbal communication Hidden Aspects of Communication   http://daphne.palomar.edu/language/language_6.htm from Palomar College "Communication is far more than speech and writing.   Most of us are unaware that we are  communicating in many different ways even when we are not speaking.  The same goes for many other  social animal species.  We rarely learn about this mostly non-verbal communication in school even though it is very important for effective interaction with others.  Growing up in a society, we learn how to use gestures, glances, slight changes in tone of voice, and other auxiliary communication devices to alter or emphasize what we say and do.  We learn these highly culture bound techniques over years largely by observing others and imitating them." Linguists refer to all of these auxiliary communication devices as paralanguage  "The most obvious form of paralanguage is body language or kinesics" "When we speak to another individual or group, the distance our bodies are physically apart also  communicates a paralanguage message.  Proxemics  is the study of such interaction distances and other culturally defined uses of space." Cultural Use of Time "Culture tells us how to manipulate time in order to communicate messages.  When you appear for an appointment varies with the custom, social situation, and your relative status.  In North America, if you have a business meeting scheduled, the time you should arrive largely depends on the power relationship between you and the person who you are meeting.  People who are lower in status are expected to arrive on time, if not early.  Higher status individuals can expect that others will wait for them if they are late."   . In urban Canada, (Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver) there is an extremely high percentage of the population that is ethnically diverse - as a consequence, cultural concepts in time vary greatly. In some Caribbean and Latin American cultures, a time for meeting (eg. 8:00 pm) would be considered only a "ballpark" figure and it could be possible that people will arrive at 8:30 pm, 9:00 pm or later and it would not be something you have to apologize for. Ordinarly this is not a problem when people of the same ethnic background are communicating but when the people involved cross over several cultural communities, differing expectations can lead to frustration and disappointment. WTGR . Clothing "clothing has multiple functions.  It is used to provide protection from the elements.   It also is worn for modesty, usually to prevent others from seeing specific parts of one's body.  However, the parts of the body that must be covered vary widely throughout the world." Gender Differences in Paralanguage "When traveling to other societies, it is important to understand that there are likely to be significant      gender differences in paralanguage in addition to clothes and adornment.  In North America, for instance, men generally prefer face to face conversations and maintain direct eye contact longer.  In   contrast, women often converse standing side by side but closer together than is typical of men.  Male  hand shakes tend to be firmer.  North American women usually are more restrained in their use of bold  gestures but use more facial expressions (especially smiles) and are more skilled in interpreting them."  after finishing reading http://daphne.palomar.edu/language/language_6.htm try "Practice Quiz for Hidden Aspects of Communication"  http://daphne.palomar.edu/language/quizzes/langqui6.htm#begin

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Video Presentations Intro

In the class Jan 18th, Prof. Richardson showed some examples of videos of last year's students doing the presentations key points we observed speak loudly so the microphone can pick up your conversation speak slowly so the listener can hear your words properly practice - don't read it all use body language to communicate positive and negative reaction

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Class 5 Jan 22 Chapter Seven Written Communication

Written Communication     . With an increasing amount of long distance communication being done by email (to avoid the higher cost of fax and telephone) it is necessary to make sure that this written communication does indeed send the "message" that you want since there are no facial expressions or hand gestures to augment the written words to give clarification. Communicating by email to establish the beginnings of a business relationship might be acceptable in low context cultures but might be difficult when it involves communication with high context cultures. WTGR . International use of English - in many businesses such as shipping and freight forwarding, banking, autmotive parts, food products, English is the prime language of communication. English has a great vocabulary and grammar structure to allow new terms to be created ie. cellphone, lap top

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Class 6 Jan 25

Preparation for upcoming country profile presentations

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Class 7 Jan 29	country profile presentations India Cuba Japan Finland Australia
Class 8 Feb 1	country profile presentations Colombia New Zealand Spain Italy Mexico
Class 9 Feb 5	country profile presentations China Singapore France Australia

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Class Feb 8

Class Cancelled - winter weather check schedule for the reconfiguration of presentation dates www.witiger.com/senecacollege/INB524/countryprofilesched2001.htm

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Class 10 Feb 12	KPI Survey conducted in class country profile presentations Cayman Islands Panama Philippines France Netherlands (Holland) Australia
Class 11 Feb 15	country profile presentations Taiwan (ROC) United Kingdom Portugal Bahamas Hungary Domina Republic Denmark
Class 12 Feb 19	country profile presentations Austria Venezuela Switzerland Brazil Trinidad and Tobago Nigeria
Class 13 Feb 22	country profile presentations Aregentina Russia Thailand Belgium Sweden Iceland

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Feb 26 . Mar 2

Winter Break Week at Seneca

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